Case-based teaching incorporates real world situations while giving learners the opportunity to wrestle with potential solutions. Cases can involve real or fabricated stories that detail events, dilemmas, and/or concepts that require analysis and/or decision making. There are different types of cases that can be used depending on what type of skill or learning outcome is desired (e.g. understanding facts and principles, problem-solving skills, analytic skills etc.). Learners work collaboratively in teams and are guided through the process by the instructor who engages them through prompts and focused questions.